Effect

Liquid glass caustics

Bright, wavy, focused light lines and cells — the network of light at the bottom of a pool or cast by a glass on a table.

A frosted rounded pane over an animated caustic light network on deep teal.

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The rules, the spec, the glass code for Web and the checks, in one text.

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Use in
Backgrounds and hero scenes (water, wellness, weather, AI ambience), light cast by a large glass object onto the surface below. Use sparingly and dimly behind chrome.
Avoid
Bright caustics directly behind text-bearing glass (kills legibility); fast animation; caustics as a UI fill.

Parameters. cell scale 3–7 cells per 300 px, intensity 20–40 % additive, two layers at different scales/speeds, animation 0.2–0.6 units/s.

How it is built
Design tool
Use a caustic texture (photo or generated Voronoi-edge pattern) in Screen/Add at 20–40 %, slightly blurred, tinted to the light colour.
Web
WebGL/canvas background (see caustics() in the web recipe); CSS fallback: a looping caustic texture video or image with mix-blend-mode: screen.
Shader, in one line
Worley cell borders: pow(1 - smoothstep(0, 0.3, F2 - F1), 3), multiply two animated layers, add to the backdrop.

Questions

Where should caustics be used?

Backgrounds and hero scenes (water, wellness, weather, AI ambience), light cast by a large glass object onto the surface below. Use sparingly and dimly behind chrome.

When should caustics be avoided?

Bright caustics directly behind text-bearing glass (kills legibility); fast animation; caustics as a UI fill.

How is caustics built on the web?

WebGL/canvas background (see caustics() in the web recipe); CSS fallback: a looping caustic texture video or image with mix-blend-mode: screen.